Sen de yaz yaz yaz R Markdown ile her istediğini

# Sen de yaz yaz yaz R Markdown ile her istediğini
## R Ladies Ankara, Eskişehir ve İstanbul
### Mine Doğucu
### 2020-06-12

---

<div class="my-header"></div>

<div class="my-footer"> 
 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 <a href="https://mdogucu.ics.uci.edu">Mine Doğucu</a></div>

---
class: center, middle

## Kamu Lisansı

Lisans hakkında daha fazla bilgiyi [burada](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode.tr) bulabilirsiniz.

---

## Dil Hakkında Not

- Türkçe terimler

---

## <svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 640 512"><path d="M434.7 64h-85.9c-8 0-15.7 3-21.6 8.4l-98.3 90c-.1.1-.2.3-.3.4-16.6 15.6-16.3 40.5-2.1 56 12.7 13.9 39.4 17.6 56.1 2.7.1-.1.3-.1.4-.2l79.9-73.2c6.5-5.9 16.7-5.5 22.6 1 6 6.5 5.5 16.6-1 22.6l-26.1 23.9L504 313.8c2.9 2.4 5.5 5 7.9 7.7V128l-54.6-54.6c-5.9-6-14.1-9.4-22.6-9.4zM544 128.2v223.9c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64V128.2h-96zm48 223.9c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16s7.2-16 16-16 16 7.2 16 16-7.2 16-16 16zM0 384h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V128.2H0V384zm48-63.9c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16-16-7.2-16-16c0-8.9 7.2-16 16-16zm435.9 18.6L334.6 217.5l-30 27.5c-29.7 27.1-75.2 24.5-101.7-4.4-26.9-29.4-24.8-74.9 4.4-101.7L289.1 64h-83.8c-8.5 0-16.6 3.4-22.6 9.4L128 128v223.9h18.3l90.5 81.9c27.4 22.3 67.7 18.1 90-9.3l.2-.2 17.9 15.5c15.9 13 39.4 10.5 52.3-5.4l31.4-38.6 5.4 4.4c13.7 11.1 33.9 9.1 45-4.7l9.5-11.7c11.2-13.8 9.1-33.9-4.6-45.1z"/></svg>: Ben

.large[<svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 640 512"><path d="M208 352c-2.39 0-4.78.35-7.06 1.09C187.98 357.3 174.35 360 160 360c-14.35 0-27.98-2.7-40.95-6.91-2.28-.74-4.66-1.09-7.05-1.09C49.94 352-.33 402.48 0 464.62.14 490.88 21.73 512 48 512h224c26.27 0 47.86-21.12 48-47.38.33-62.14-49.94-112.62-112-112.62zm-48-32c53.02 0 96-42.98 96-96s-42.98-96-96-96-96 42.98-96 96 42.98 96 96 96zM592 0H208c-26.47 0-48 22.25-48 49.59V96c23.42 0 45.1 6.78 64 17.8V64h352v288h-64v-64H384v64h-76.24c19.1 16.69 33.12 38.73 39.69 64H592c26.47 0 48-22.25 48-49.59V49.59C640 22.25 618.47 0 592 0z"/></svg>]

.large[<svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"/></svg>] <a href = "http://twitter.com/MineDogucu">MineDogucu</a>

.large[<svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path d="M448 360V24c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H96C43 0 0 43 0 96v320c0 53 43 96 96 96h328c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24v-16c0-7.5-3.5-14.3-8.9-18.7-4.2-15.4-4.2-59.3 0-74.7 5.4-4.3 8.9-11.1 8.9-18.6zM128 134c0-3.3 2.7-6 6-6h212c3.3 0 6 2.7 6 6v20c0 3.3-2.7 6-6 6H134c-3.3 0-6-2.7-6-6v-20zm0 64c0-3.3 2.7-6 6-6h212c3.3 0 6 2.7 6 6v20c0 3.3-2.7 6-6 6H134c-3.3 0-6-2.7-6-6v-20zm253.4 250H96c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32 0-17.6 14.4-32 32-32h285.4c-1.9 17.1-1.9 46.9 0 64z"/></svg>] <a href = "http://mdogucu.ics.uci.edu/teaching/stats115-wi20/main.html">Bayes İstatistiği Dersi</a>

---

.large[<svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 384 512"><path d="M172.268 501.67C26.97 291.031 0 269.413 0 192 0 85.961 85.961 0 192 0s192 85.961 192 192c0 77.413-26.97 99.031-172.268 309.67-9.535 13.774-29.93 13.773-39.464 0zM192 272c44.183 0 80-35.817 80-80s-35.817-80-80-80-80 35.817-80 80 35.817 80 80 80z"/></svg>]

.large[<svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 581 512"><path d="M581 226.6C581 119.1 450.9 32 290.5 32S0 119.1 0 226.6C0 322.4 103.3 402 239.4 418.1V480h99.1v-61.5c24.3-2.7 47.6-7.4 69.4-13.9L448 480h112l-67.4-113.7c54.5-35.4 88.4-84.9 88.4-139.7zm-466.8 14.5c0-73.5 98.9-133 220.8-133s211.9 40.7 211.9 133c0 50.1-26.5 85-70.3 106.4-2.4-1.6-4.7-2.9-6.4-3.7-10.2-5.2-27.8-10.5-27.8-10.5s86.6-6.4 86.6-92.7-90.6-87.9-90.6-87.9h-199V361c-74.1-21.5-125.2-67.1-125.2-119.9zm225.1 38.3v-55.6c57.8 0 87.8-6.8 87.8 27.3 0 36.5-38.2 28.3-87.8 28.3zm-.9 72.5H365c10.8 0 18.9 11.7 24 19.2-16.1 1.9-33 2.8-50.6 2.9v-22.1z"/></svg>]

.large[<svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#88398a;" viewBox="0 0 581 512"><path d="M581 226.6C581 119.1 450.9 32 290.5 32S0 119.1 0 226.6C0 322.4 103.3 402 239.4 418.1V480h99.1v-61.5c24.3-2.7 47.6-7.4 69.4-13.9L448 480h112l-67.4-113.7c54.5-35.4 88.4-84.9 88.4-139.7zm-466.8 14.5c0-73.5 98.9-133 220.8-133s211.9 40.7 211.9 133c0 50.1-26.5 85-70.3 106.4-2.4-1.6-4.7-2.9-6.4-3.7-10.2-5.2-27.8-10.5-27.8-10.5s86.6-6.4 86.6-92.7-90.6-87.9-90.6-87.9h-199V361c-74.1-21.5-125.2-67.1-125.2-119.9zm225.1 38.3v-55.6c57.8 0 87.8-6.8 87.8 27.3 0 36.5-38.2 28.3-87.8 28.3zm-.9 72.5H365c10.8 0 18.9 11.7 24 19.2-16.1 1.9-33 2.8-50.6 2.9v-22.1z"/></svg>]

---

## Markup (Biçimleme) Dilleri

"Mark up" düzeltme veya açıklama amacıyla bir kağıdın üzerine not düşme

---
class: sub-topic center middle

---

## LaTeX

<br>

```r
$\frac{3}{5}$
```
]

`$\frac{3}{5}$`

]

---

## HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

<br>

```r
<a href = "http://minedogucu.com">
  Mine Doğucu</a>
```
]

<a href = "http://minedogucu.com">Mine Doğucu</a>

]

---

## markdown <svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 640 512"><path d="M593.8 59.1H46.2C20.7 59.1 0 79.8 0 105.2v301.5c0 25.5 20.7 46.2 46.2 46.2h547.7c25.5 0 46.2-20.7 46.1-46.1V105.2c0-25.4-20.7-46.1-46.2-46.1zM338.5 360.6H277v-120l-61.5 76.9-61.5-76.9v120H92.3V151.4h61.5l61.5 76.9 61.5-76.9h61.5v209.2zm135.3 3.1L381.5 256H443V151.4h61.5V256H566z"/></svg>

<br>

```r
[Mine Doğucu](http://minedogucu.com)
```
]

[Mine Doğucu](http://minedogucu.com)
]

---

---

```r
[Mine Doğucu](http://minedogucu.com)
```
]

[Mine Doğucu](http://minedogucu.com)
]

---

## Başlıklar

```r
# Başlık

## Alt Başlık

### Alt-Alt Başlık

#### Alt-Alt-Alt Başlık
```
]

## Vurgulama

```r
_Merhaba Dünya_

__Merhaba Dünya__

~~Merhaba Dünya~~ 
```
]

_Merhaba Dünya_

__Merhaba Dünya__

~~Merhaba Dünya~~ 
]
---

---

.footnote[Fotoğrafın  (CC BY 2.0) lisansı [t-mizo](https://www.flickr.com/photos/tmizo/7622107930/in/photolist-cBxi8Y-MUWrm-baLoXt-s1xpCk-AecPrJ-a3xdzR-2KMoC-dYSfc3-6ccgek-a3A5eN-AcDqUP-9tt9mD-aACVoF-5jfgYH-5ohiY-9QfYh7-9tt9ue-fcyRqm-Jf9TX-aKinvc-Jf9Ti-5SFHBs-vf9J8y-BDTGX3-TGaxZw-am9SZ-bCdVaU-hYdMq5-g7Qwo-5t3fuP-NfKcx-4uD2q-99DYLL-TErGso-9tt9Br-pNHD5R-bo5RRN-mx5dHp-5QXXGy-a2CznS-xwVX1g-2h6Aix8-6dUJVB-gQAbw-2h6AiuT-5MmoJC-7mULDr-CoPCTG-aFCEpk-NfK9S)'ya aittir.]

---

## Veri

```r
yolculuk
```

```
## # A tibble: 30 x 2
##      yil m1_hatti
##    <dbl>    <dbl>
##  1  1989   993742
##  2  1990 11659369
##  3  1991 15336734
##  4  1992 17991036
##  5  1993 14068062
##  6  1994 23336883
##  7  1995 34042320
##  8  1996 45400191
##  9  1997 54099681
## 10  1998 56906437
## # ... with 20 more rows
```

.footnote[Veriler İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi'nin [Açık Veri Portalından](https://data.ibb.gov.tr/dataset/eca4249d-74e6-41ba-b5d0-9627b4c83f9d/resource/d83e94d3-1b28-4c88-9d62-61502c28ea4c/download/rayl-sistemler-hat-bazl-yolculuk-saylar.xlsx) indirilmiştir.]
---

## Figure (Şekil)

```r
ggplot(yolculuk, 
       aes(x = yil, 
           y = m1_hatti)) +
  geom_line()
```
]
.right-panel[

![](sunum_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-14-1.png)
]

---

En son yıl

```r
yolculuk %>% 
  filter(yil == max(yil)) %>% 
  select(yil) %>% 
  pull()
```

```
## [1] 2018
```

En son yıldaki yolcu sayısı

```r
yolculuk %>% 
  filter(yil == max(yil)) %>% 
  select(m1_hatti) %>% 
  pull()
```

```
## [1] 155943047
```

---

## Analiz Sonrası

- Rapor, makale veya yazı yazma

- Web sayfası oluşturma

- Sunum yapma

---

## Programlama + Biçimleme (Ayrı Ayrı)

Yöntem:

<td> .large[R'da analiz] <br> <svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 581 512"><path d="M581 226.6C581 119.1 450.9 32 290.5 32S0 119.1 0 226.6C0 322.4 103.3 402 239.4 418.1V480h99.1v-61.5c24.3-2.7 47.6-7.4 69.4-13.9L448 480h112l-67.4-113.7c54.5-35.4 88.4-84.9 88.4-139.7zm-466.8 14.5c0-73.5 98.9-133 220.8-133s211.9 40.7 211.9 133c0 50.1-26.5 85-70.3 106.4-2.4-1.6-4.7-2.9-6.4-3.7-10.2-5.2-27.8-10.5-27.8-10.5s86.6-6.4 86.6-92.7-90.6-87.9-90.6-87.9h-199V361c-74.1-21.5-125.2-67.1-125.2-119.9zm225.1 38.3v-55.6c57.8 0 87.8-6.8 87.8 27.3 0 36.5-38.2 28.3-87.8 28.3zm-.9 72.5H365c10.8 0 18.9 11.7 24 19.2-16.1 1.9-33 2.8-50.6 2.9v-22.1z"/></svg></td>
<td> .large[Biçimleme] <br> <svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M16 288c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16v32c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16h112v-64zm489-183L407.1 7c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H384v128h128v-6.1c0-6.3-2.5-12.4-7-16.9zm-153 31V0H152c-13.3 0-24 10.7-24 24v264h128v-65.2c0-14.3 17.3-21.4 27.4-11.3L379 308c6.6 6.7 6.6 17.4 0 24l-95.7 96.4c-10.1 10.1-27.4 3-27.4-11.3V352H128v136c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h336c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V160H376c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24z"/></svg> 
<svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 384 512"><path d="M224 136V0H24C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24v464c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h336c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V160H248c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm57.1 120H305c7.7 0 13.4 7.1 11.7 14.7l-38 168c-1.2 5.5-6.1 9.3-11.7 9.3h-38c-5.5 0-10.3-3.8-11.6-9.1-25.8-103.5-20.8-81.2-25.6-110.5h-.5c-1.1 14.3-2.4 17.4-25.6 110.5-1.3 5.3-6.1 9.1-11.6 9.1H117c-5.6 0-10.5-3.9-11.7-9.4l-37.8-168c-1.7-7.5 4-14.6 11.7-14.6h24.5c5.7 0 10.7 4 11.8 9.7 15.6 78 20.1 109.5 21 122.2 1.6-10.2 7.3-32.7 29.4-122.7 1.3-5.4 6.1-9.1 11.7-9.1h29.1c5.6 0 10.4 3.8 11.7 9.2 24 100.4 28.8 124 29.6 129.4-.2-11.2-2.6-17.8 21.6-129.2 1-5.6 5.9-9.5 11.5-9.5zM384 121.9v6.1H256V0h6.1c6.4 0 12.5 2.5 17 7l97.9 98c4.5 4.5 7 10.6 7 16.9z"/></svg> 
 
</td>

</tr>

</table>

Sorunlar:

- hata yapmaya açık

- tekrarlanabilme daha zor.

---

## Programlama + Biçimleme (Birlikte)

<td> .large[R'da analiz]  <svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 581 512"><path d="M581 226.6C581 119.1 450.9 32 290.5 32S0 119.1 0 226.6C0 322.4 103.3 402 239.4 418.1V480h99.1v-61.5c24.3-2.7 47.6-7.4 69.4-13.9L448 480h112l-67.4-113.7c54.5-35.4 88.4-84.9 88.4-139.7zm-466.8 14.5c0-73.5 98.9-133 220.8-133s211.9 40.7 211.9 133c0 50.1-26.5 85-70.3 106.4-2.4-1.6-4.7-2.9-6.4-3.7-10.2-5.2-27.8-10.5-27.8-10.5s86.6-6.4 86.6-92.7-90.6-87.9-90.6-87.9h-199V361c-74.1-21.5-125.2-67.1-125.2-119.9zm225.1 38.3v-55.6c57.8 0 87.8-6.8 87.8 27.3 0 36.5-38.2 28.3-87.8 28.3zm-.9 72.5H365c10.8 0 18.9 11.7 24 19.2-16.1 1.9-33 2.8-50.6 2.9v-22.1z"/></svg> 
ve 
.large[Markdown'da biçimlendirme] <svg style="height:0.8em;top:.04em;position:relative;fill:#7b7043;" viewBox="0 0 640 512"><path d="M593.8 59.1H46.2C20.7 59.1 0 79.8 0 105.2v301.5c0 25.5 20.7 46.2 46.2 46.2h547.7c25.5 0 46.2-20.7 46.1-46.1V105.2c0-25.4-20.7-46.1-46.2-46.1zM338.5 360.6H277v-120l-61.5 76.9-61.5-76.9v120H92.3V151.4h61.5l61.5 76.9 61.5-76.9h61.5v209.2zm135.3 3.1L381.5 256H443V151.4h61.5V256H566z"/></svg></td>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

<table align = "center">
<thead>
<th>Dosya türü</th>
<th>Dosya adı uzantısı  </th>
</thead>

<tr style="font-size:28px">
<td>markdown </td>
<td>.md</td>
</tr>

<tr style="font-size:28px">
<td>R Markdown </td>
<td>.Rmd</td>

</table>

---

## Demo

---

---

## Demo - Yeni Dosya

- Yeni bir R Markdown dosyası başlatmak için File > New File > R Markdown kullanılabilir.

---
class: middle

## Demo - Knitting (İşlemek)

- Kayıtlı R Markdown dosyasını işlemek için Knit tuşu veya Ctrl/Command + Shift + K kısa yolu kullanılabilir.

---

## Demo - Kod bloğu eklemek

- Kod bloğu eklemek için Insert R tuşu veya Ctrl + Alt + I / Cmd + Option + I kısa yolu kullanılabilir.

## Demo - Kod bloğunu çalıştırmak

---

## Demo - R Markdown dosyasının farklı parçaları

---

---

---

## markdown

- Github'da README.md dosyaları markdown dosyası

- [markdown hatırlatıcı notlar](https://www.markdownguide.org/cheat-sheet/)

- [markdown tablo oluşturucu](https://www.tablesgenerator.com/markdown_tables).

---

## Kod bloğu seçenekleri

Örnek: `echo = FALSE, message = TRUE`

<tr>

<td>echo = FALSE</td>
<td>kodun gizlenmesini sağlar.</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>message = FALSE</td>
<td>mesajın gizlenmesini sağlar</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>warning = FALSE</td>
<td>uyarıların gizlenmesini sağlar.</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>error = FALSE</td>
<td>hatalara rağmen dosyanın işlenmesini sağlar.</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>eval = FALSE</td>
<td>kodu çalıştırmadan dosyanın işlenmesini sağlar.</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td> cache = TRUE</td>
<td>kodun çalışmadan en son önbellekteki halini almaya yarar.</td>

</tr>

</table>

---
class: middle

## Kod bloklarını isimlendirme

````markdown
```{r artis-grafigi}
ggplot(yolculuk, 
       aes(x = yil, 
           y = m1_hatti)) +
  geom_line()
```
````

---

## Setup (kurulum) kod bloğu

````markdown
```{r setup, include=FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = FALSE)
```
````

---

## YAML

YAML - Yet Another Mark up Language - Bir Başka Biçimleme Dili

- themes: cerulean, journal, flatly, darkly, readable, spacelab, united, cosmo, lumen, paper, sandstone, simplex, ve yeti

- styles: tango, pygments, kate, monochrome, espresso, zenburn, haddock, breezedark, ve textmate

---

## Kaynaklar

- [R Markdown Kitabı](https://bookdown.org/yihui/rmarkdown/)

- [RStudio R Markdown dersi](https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/lesson-1.html)

- [RStudio Hatırlatma Notları](https://rstudio.com/resources/cheatsheets/) Türkçe R Markdown cheatsheet var.

- [W3 schools HTML & CSS](https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp)

---

---

## blogdown

Amaç: Web sitesi oluşturmak

<hr>

Kaynak: [blogdown kitabı](https://bookdown.org/yihui/blogdown/)

<hr>

Örnek: [https://amber.rbind.io/](https://amber.rbind.io/)
<hr>

Kaynak kodu: https://github.com/ProQuestionAsker/websiteSource

---
class: middle

## bookdown

Amaç: Kitap yazmak

<hr>

Kaynak: [bookdown kitabı](https://bookdown.org/yihui/bookdown/)

<hr>

Örnek ve kaynak kodu: [Bookdown örnekleri](https://bookdown.org/)
<hr>

---
class: middle

## xaringan

Amaç: Daha farklı sunumlar yapma

<hr>

Kaynak: [R Markdown kitabı 7. bölüm](https://bookdown.org/yihui/rmarkdown/xaringan.html)

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Örnek ve kaynak kodu: [Bu sunum](https://github.com/mdogucu/rmd-tr)
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## rticles

Amaç: LaTeX destekli makale yazımı

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Kaynak: [GitHub readme](https://github.com/rstudio/rticles)

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Örnek ve kaynak kodu: [İstatistik ve Veri Bilimi Eğitiminde Veri Kazıma: Zorluklar ve Fırsatlar](https://github.com/mdogucu/web-scrape)
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## Ödev

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